Intergenerational implications.

 By shaping family conditions, these policies determine whether inequalities are reproduced or reduced. Evidence shows that: 

• Early interventions in nutrition and social protection reduce long-term developmental deficits. 

• Education systems translate early gains into improved life outcomes. 

• Weak or delayed interventions allow disadvantages to persist across generations. 

A family-centred approach therefore directly targets the mechanisms through which inequality is transmitted.